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Deity

Serapis

Σάραπις · Serapis

EgyptianHellenistic

The Greco-Egyptian god of Alexandria — a deliberate fusion of Osiris and the Greek Olympians.

Serapis is a syncretic god, fashioned in the early Hellenistic age under the first Ptolemies to be worshipped by Greeks and Egyptians alike. He fused the Egyptian Osiris-Apis (the dead Osiris joined with the sacred Apis bull) with features of Greek gods such as Zeus, Hades, and the healer Asclepius, and was given a wholly Greek, bearded, kingly form.

His great temple, the Serapeum of Alexandria, was among the most splendid in the ancient world, and his cult — a god of the underworld, of healing, of fertility and the grain — spread widely through the Roman empire alongside that of Isis, with whom he was paired. Serapis is the very emblem of the Greco-Egyptian meeting of religions that made Alexandria the crucible of late-antique thought, until the destruction of his temple in 391 marked the triumph of Christianity over the old gods.

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